Process of making emulsified compositions



Patented Oct. 2, 1923.

UNITED STATES LESTER KIRSCHBRAUN, OF EVANSTON, ILLINOIS.

PROCESS OF MAKING EMULSIFIED COMPOSITIONS.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it. known that I, LESTER KmscunnAUN, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Evanston, county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes for Makin Emulsified Compositions, of which the following is a specification.

In an earlier application filed b me, towit: Serial Number 26,813, filed Kiay 8th, 1915, I described a process of making an emulsified composition suitable for use with certain fibrous material. I have since discovered that in certain cases it may be advantageous to make' a double emulsion. Heretofore attempts to make waterproof shoe elements such as leather board, on paper machines and the like, have experienced much difliculty in making a composition which would not stick to the machine. In the said prior application I obviated this difliculty by making a non-sticky emulsified matrix composed of water and an emulsify ing agent, such as clay of a. colloidal character and a binder such as bitumen. In this matrix the finely divided particles of the binder were in effect surrounded by a non-adhesive colloidal emulsifying agent, so that the material would pass readily over the paper machine without sticking. I have discovered that in certain cases it may be desirable to form what in effect may be called a double emulsion. This double emulsion seems to permit of a more minute dispersion of the asphalt particles in the water vehicle. Just exactly the action that takes place I am not at this time prepared to state. I have ascertained, however, that certain kinds of binders as for example some-tars and oils do not as readily emulsify with a clay paste as do others. Moreover, while a certain percentage of such tars or oils might readily emulsify with the clay paste there seemed to be a point at which no more tar or oil could be added and get a satisfactory emulsion. I have discovered, however, that by making a double emulsion I can overcome this objection.

he process of the present invention may be described as follows: An adhesive waterproof binder, preferably in a hot liquid condition is placed in a suitable receptacle; to this liquid binder is gradually added an aqueous paste or solution. This aqueous paste or solution may consist of waterand Application filed September 4, 1918. Serial No. 252.805.

soap; cheap resin soap has been found satisfactory. This soapy solution is thoroughly mixed with the binder and the particles when combined seem to surround the minute particles of soap. In any event this emulsified matrix is of a rather a sticky character. Another way inwhich this emulsion may be formed will be to dissolve a fatty acid such as oleic acid in a liquid binder and then add to this mixture a solution of suitable alkali such as common lye. This emulsion can be thinned with water as desired. The mixture may vary in composition from two parts upwardl of soap to 100 parts of the binder.

This first emulsion, which is a mobile liquid, is gradually added to an aqueous paste of water and material containing colloidal particles such as clay and. the two thoroughly mixed together to form a second emulsion which is an emulsified matrix. In forming this second emulsion the weight of cla particles seem to cut the finely divided particles of the bitumen or other binder, and the result is an emulsified composition of a non-sticky character.

I have above referred to making the first emulsion by the use of a fatty acid and later adding an alkali solution. One advantage of making an emulsion in this way is that it permits of the useof a V6? high melting point asphalt for a binder. or example, if an asphalt having say 300 degrees Fahrenheit melting point is desired to be used with the binder, it obviously cannot be mixed with an aqueous solution when melted, for the reason that the melting point of the bitumen will be much above the boiling point of water. However, by first adding a fatty acid to the high melting point hinder, the latter is so oftened or cut back by the fatty acid that it is a liquid at a tem rature below the boiling point of water. e hot aqueous alkali solution can then be added and the alkali and fatty acid combined to form soap. This first emulsion can then be mixed with a second emulsifying agent as before stated. It will thus be seen that a very high melting oint binder can be used.

The utllization o a high melting point binder permits of the formation of a very hard and rubbery product.

After this double emulsion is formed, as above stated, it may, if desired be combined with various kinds of fillers or fibrous ma terials and then moulded or sheeted as desired. As the Water dries out of the mixture the binder will coalesce, become adhesive and form a very tough and strong product.

While it may not be true in all cases, I have found that it is most desirable that in forming the first or primary emulsion that the aqueous solution containing the emulsityin agent be added to the binder rather tian the binder to the aqueous solution; while forming the second emulsion, the first emulsion is added to the second emulsifying agent rather than the reverse. With reference to the binders a Wide variety of binders may be employed, either asphalts, natural or artificial coal tars, water, gas tars, animal and vegetable pitches, hydro-carbon oils,

drying oils, such as linseed oil, chinawood' I claim a my invention:

1. A process of making an emulsified matrix consisting in adding to a Waterproof adhesive binder an aqueous solution containing an emulsifying agent, and thoroughly mixing the solution and the binder to .form an emulsion, then taking this emulsion and adding it to an aqueous paste containing colloidal particles and thoroughly mixing the paste and the primary emulsion.

2. A process of making an emulsified matrix consisting in adding to a bituminous binder in liquid form an aqueous solution" containing an emulsifying agent, and thoroughly mixing the solution and the binder, then taking this mixture and adding it to an aqueous paste containing colloidal particles,

and thoroughly mixing the paste and the primary mixture to form an emulsion.

3. A process of making an emulsified matrix, consisting in making an emulsion of an adhesive binder, Water and an emulsifying agent so as to form a primary einuL- sion and then adding this emulsion to'wateri a colloidal emulsifying substance.

containing LESTER KIRSCHBRAUN. 

